This study examined the relationship between soda consumption ― a behavior strongly associated with obesity ― and weight status with neighborhood socio-demographic, social, and built environments by race/ethnicity. Authors merged data on adults from the 2011–2013 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), U.S. Census data, and InfoUSA. Dependent variables were soda consumption and weight status outcomes (body mass index and obesity status). Main independent variables were measures of three neighborhood environments: social (social cohesion and safety), socio-demographic (neighborhood socioeconomic status, educational attainment, percent Asian, percent Hispanic, and percent black), and built environments (number of grocery stores, convenience stores, fast food restaurants, and gyms in neighborhood). Lower neighborhood educational attainment was associated with higher odds of obesity and soda consumption in all racial/ethnic groups.

Findings: Authors found fewer associations between study outcomes and the neighborhood, especially the built environment, among non-Hispanic African Americans and non-Hispanic Asians. While improvements to neighborhood environment may be promising to reduce obesity, null associations among minority subgroups suggest that changes, particularly to the built environment, may alone be insufficient to address obesity in these groups.